Educational Activity
The Main Difficulties Encountered by Cinema
in Quebec Between 1896 and 1930
Guidelines
Silent Cinema in Quebec, 1896-1930
www.cinemamuetquebec.ca
THE MAIN DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED BY CINEMA IN QUEBEC BETWEEN 1896 AND 1930
Activity A: Sunday Laws
Activity B: Censorship
OBJECTIVES
Using film clips and newspaper articles from the period, introduce and educate students on the main difficulties encountered by cinema in Quebec between 1896 and 1930. Though cinema was a popular form of entertainment, the political community and the Catholic Church sternly criticized it.
DETAILS
Length
Materials
Instructions
ACTIVITY A: Sunday Laws
PREPARATION
1. Provide students with an understanding of Quebec urban society in 1907.
2. Clips from “animated views” of the period should be shown.
Emphasize the following points when discussing the historical context. This will enable students to better understand the reasoning behind censorship and for the closing theatres on Sundays.
ACTIVITIES
In 1907, a petition is drafted to close cinemas on Sundays. Some are in favour of the petition, others against.
This subject can be approached in two ways:
PART 1
Students should work in groups of four to complete the chart below using articles from the Quebec press of the period. Students should identify the following: the reasons invoked by the Church; reasons linked to working conditions; reasons related to health concerns. Once completed, bring the groups together, check the answers, and discuss the merits and soundness of the arguments.
PART 2
The class is divided in half. Students work in groups of four and each group selects a spokesperson. One side of the class will adopt the arguments of those wanting to close cinemas on Sundays and the other those wanting to keep cinemas open. Students should support their arguments by finding information in articles from the early Quebec press, such as the reasons invoked by the Church, reasons related to working conditions and reasons related to health. The instructor moderates the debate and ensures that the historical context is respected and that the arguments remain on topic. The chart can be used to stimulate and structure the debate.
PETITION TO CLOSE CINEMAS ON SUNDAYS (1907)
ARGUMENTS FOR CLOSING CINEMAS (IN FAVOUR OF PETITION)
ARGUMENTS OF KEEPING CINEMAS OPEN (AGAINST PETITION)
MEASURES TAKEN BY THEATRE OWNERS IN OPPOSITION TO LAW
PART 1:CHART
PART 2: DEBATE
GROUP REVIEW OF ACTIVITY 2
PART 1: Chart
Check answers with students (see corrections below). Highlight the role of the Catholic Church clergy, while also showing that cinema was well established in Quebec society.
PART 2: Debate.
After the debate, briefly review the responses. Ensure that the main arguments were mentioned and that the historical context was respected.
Finally, keeping in mind these elements, were there any parts of the debate that received more attention?
ANSWERS
ACTIVITY B: CENSORSHIP
PREPARATION
1. Have students reflect on the practice of censorship.
2. Screen the film A Sailor’s Heart (1912). After viewing, ask students to think about those aspects of the film that may have been censored in 1912.
ACTIVITY
After reading articles from the early and recent press, complete the chart.
CHART
SOME “FLASHPOINTS” IN THE HISTORY OF FILM CENSORSHIP IN QUEBEC
MEMBERS
CENSORED THEMES AND SUBJECT MATTER
REASONS PROVIDED
CONSEQUENCES
1913
BOARD OF CENSORS
CENSORSHIP PARTNERS
CAUSES LEADING TO CHANGES
1927
BOARD OF CENSORS
REASONS PROVIDED
CHANGES MADE
1967
BUREAU DE SURVEILLANCE DU CINÉMA
CENSORSHIP PARTNERS
CAUSES LEADING TO CHANGES
CHANGES MADE
1983
RÉGIE DU CINÉMA
CHANGES MADE
CHANGES MADE
1992
RÉGIE DU CINÉMA
TODAY
YOU ARE A MEMBER OF THE RÉGIE DU CINÉMA.
WHAT WOULD YOU CENSOR?
AS A YOUNG PERSON, WHAT DO YOU THINK OF CENSORSHIP IMPOSED IN 1913?
ARGUMENT
GROUP REVIEW OF ACTIVITY 3
ANSWERS
1913, BOARD OF CENSORS
1927, BOARD OF CENSORS
1967, BUREAU DE SURVEILLANCE DU CINÉMA
1983, RÉGIE DU CINÉMA
1992, RÉGIE DU CINÉMA